Palm Treo Pro

Palm Treo Pro Unlocked Phone with 2 MP Camera, 3G, Wi-Fi, GPS, and MicroSD--U.S. Version with Warranty (Black)
The Palm Treo Pro is a combination PDA/cell phone offered in both GSM and CDMA. It is Palm's fourth Windows Mobile Treo. It replaced the short-lived Sprint Treo 800w.
The phone originally was released in an unlocked GSM format. The updated release of the phone for CDMA networks featured new hardware specifications including a more powerful processor, more storage, and less user-available RAM.

    * Mobile phone, CDMA model with 800/1900-MHz bands, with EV-DO Rev.A data. Unlocked GSM model also available
    * Built-in GPS with both Assisted and Standalone modes
    * Qualcomm Dual-Core MSM7501A at 528MHz processor (400 MHz Qualcomm on GSM networks)
    * 300 MB user-available non-volatile storage (105 MB on GSM networks)
    * 128 MB DDR RAM (approximately 65 MB user-available on GSM, 45 MB user-available on CDMA)
    * Windows Mobile 6.1 Professional
    * 2.36 in (W) x 4.49 in (L) x 0.53 in (D)
    * 4.69 ounces
    * 320x320 TFT flush touchscreen display
    * Supports MicroSD and MicroSDHC cards up to 32 GB
    * Built-In Bluetooth 2.0 EDR with stereo support
    * 2 Megapixel digital camera
    * Built-in 802.11b/g Wi-Fi
    * 1500mAh Rechargeable Lithium-ion battery.
    * Infrared port
    * Current CDMA Firmware: Version 1.04

BlackBerry Storm

Blackberry Storm 9500 Unlocked Phone with 3.15 Mega pixel Camera (Black)
The BlackBerry Storm is a touchscreen  smartphone  developed by Research In Motion (RIM). A part of the BlackBerry 9500 series of phones, it is RIM's first touchscreen device, and its first without a physical keyboard. It features a touchscreen which reacts physically like a button via SurePress, a Research In Motion patented technology of providing haptic feedback. It is intended to be a direct competitor to Apple iPhone 3G, the Palm Pre, the T-Mobile G1 by HTC and the HTC Touch family.

The Storm has received mixed reviews from critics, with some finding the Storm's touchscreen difficult to use or discovering bugs and glitches with the phone's software, but some have praised the Storm for its call quality and its business-oriented features.

next:
BlackBerry Charging Pod for BlackBerry 9520 and BlackBerry Storm2
The BlackBerry Storm2 is RIM's second full-touchscreen  smartphone. Unlike the original Storm, the Storm2 features Wi-Fi as well as a redesigned outer shell.

The phone's codename throughout development was "Odin." The model number is 9520 for the GSM/UMTS/HSPA model offered by Vodafone and 9550 for the CDMA/EV-DO and UMTS/HSPA model offered by Verizon. The Storm2 comes with 2GB of on-board flash memory — 1GB more than the original — and is bundled with a 16GB microSD card (though not by Vodafone). The phone has been a reasonable commercial success.

When comparing the Storm2 with the original Storm, users find the Storm2 more user friendly. The new multi-touch screen allows users to type at a much faster pace- it has two finger recognition.

Research in Motion recently released specifications on the phone, reporting that 256 MB of RAM will be available for applications, doubling that of the original Storm. One major change is that the method of input, SurePress, has been redesigned. Instead of one physical button that lies in the direct center of the screen, the Storm2 has four piezoelectric sensors located on the four outer corners of the screen that allow for confirmation of input. The screen does not depress when the device is locked or off. It ships with the new BlackBerry 5.0 OS. The phone's SureType screen, which was heavily criticized on the original Storm, has been revamped and improved. The Storm2 also supports OpenGL ES

The HTC Dream / T-Mobile G1

 T-Mobile G1 Android Phone, Black (T-Mobile)
The HTC Dream (also marketed as T-Mobile G1 in the US and parts of Europe and Era G1 in Poland) is an Internet-enabled 3G smartphone  with an operating system designed by Google and hardware designed by HTC. It was the first phone to the market that uses the Android mobile device platform. The phone is part of an open standards effort of the Open Handset Alliance.

The HTC Dream was released in the US  on 22 October 2008; in the UK on 30 October 2008; and became available in other European countries including Austria, Netherlands, and the Czech Republic in early 2009. It was released in Germany in February 2009 with a QWERTZ keyboard and in France in March 2009 with an AZERTY keyboard. On 10 March 2009, it became available in Poland as Era G1 under a local mobile brand affiliated with T-Mobile.

As of 2008, in the US, it was priced starting at $129.99 for new and existing T-Mobile customers if purchased with a two-year T-Mobile voice and data plan, and $399 without a contract. Contrary to claims made by T-Mobile representatives, the handset does not need the data plan to work. The Dream comes in black, bronze (formerly called "brown"; except in the UK), or white.
On 23 April 2009, T-Mobile USA announced it had sold one million G1s since the device's launch.

On 5 February 2009, the phone was released through Optus in Australia, as the HTC Dream. On 21 February 2009, Singapore became the first country in Asia to introduce the phone. It was sold by SingTel between $38 – $238 under various contracts. Telefónica also launched a version of the phone in Spain on 20 April 2009 with slightly modified control buttons.

On June 2, 2009 it was released through Rogers Wireless in Canada as the HTC Dream. This variant, DREA210, supports the UMTS 850 / 1900 bands and HSDPA up to 7.2Mbps for use on Rogers' 3G network.

Sony Ericsson Satio

Sony Ericsson Satio (Red) SIM FREE / UnlockedSony Ericsson Satio (Idou) Quad-band Cell Phone - Unlocked
The Sony Ericsson Satio is a smartphone, announced by Sony Ericsson at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, Spain on 15 February 2009 as the Idou (pronounced "I do"). It was released on 7 October 2009 in the UK in 3 colour schemes: Black, Silver and Bordeaux (Red).

The focus of the phone is the high quality playback of music and video, as well as photography. The camera is located on the back of the phone, behind a slider and features a xenon flash. On the side of the phone, there is a shutter button, and a button which allows you to switch between still and video modes. Next to this is a rocker switch for zooming in and out. Also on this side is a button for playback of photos or video. The other side of the phone has a sliding lock button and a covered slot for a MicroSD card.

The front of the phone is dominated by a 3.5-inch, 16:9 ratio 360x640 TFT resistive touchscreen. There is also a front facing camera for video calling. At the bottom of the touchscreen are three small buttons: green (left), white (centre), and red (right).

In terms of software, Satio uses the Symbian OS 9.4 operating system, which is created collaboratively under the stewardship of the Symbian Foundation. It will use the PlayNow service, Sony Ericsson's mobile content platform, and is part of the company's new Entertainment Unlimited service. In terms of connectivity, it is Wi-Fi-enabled and has a GPS chip for navigation and location-based services. It also supports full Flash for video playback.

The phone was withdrawn from sale in November 2009 by two major British retailers due to complaints from customers. However, the problem was found only in UK editions of the phone and was probably caused by carrier-specific customizations. The following software update released by Sony Ericsson provided a fix and the phone was back for sale at those two retailers.

Sony Ericsson Aino

Sony Ericsson AiNo Unlocked Phone with Camera, 3G Enabled, GPS (Black)Sony Ericsson Aino U10 Unlocked Cell Phone White Color GSM Mobile International Version
Sony Ericsson Aino is touch screen based slider phone. It has a multimedia PS3-inspired touch menu, a large 3-inch touchscreen, VGA@30fps video recording. The 3-inch screen is touch-enabled but only in the multimedia part of the menu and the camera interface. Some third party applications like Opera-Mini also support the touch screen interface. It also has an 8.1 megapixel camera.

Technical specifications
    * General: GSM 850/900/1800/1900 MHz, UMTS 850/900/2100, GPRS/EDGE class 10, HSDPA 7.2 Mbps, HSUPA, 2 Mbps
    * Form factor: Touchscreen* slider
    * Dimensions: 104 x 50 x 15.5 mm, 134 g
    * Display: 3-inch 16M color TFT display, 240 x 432 pixel resolution
    * Memory: 55MB integrated memory, hot-swappable microSD card slot (up to 32GB)
    * UI: Proprietary Flash-based UI
    * Still camera: 8 megapixel autofocus camera with LED flash, touch focus, geo-tagging, face detection, smile detection, image stabilizer, smart contrast
    * Video recording: VGA video recording at 30 fps
    * Connectivity: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 2.0 with A2DP, GPS receiver with A-GPS support
    * Misc: Partial touchscreen functionality, accelerometer for screen auto rotate, FM radio with RDS, Remote Play for PlayStation 3
    * Battery: 1000 mAh battery

Like the Sony PSP, the Aino features PlayStation 3 connectivity, called Remote Play. This allows the phone to be able to turn the PS3 on from anywhere in the world and stream its media files. This is the first phone to implement this, as it was previously only available on PlayStation Portable.

Samsung i5700/ Samsung Galaxy Spica

Samsung I7500 Android Unlocked Phone with 5 MP Camera, Wi-Fi, and 8 GB Memory--International Version No Warranty (Black)
The Samsung i5700, also known as Samsung Spica, Samsung Galaxy Spica and Samsung Galaxy Portal, is a smartphone  manufactured by Samsung that uses the open source Android operating system. The phone is referred to as the successor of the Samsung i7500 and sometimes referred as Galaxy Lite. Even though some of its features like the camera resolution, storage and data connection speeds are lower than i7500 its processor clock speed is much higher at 800 MHz.
The i5700 is 3.5G smartphone, offering quad-band GSM and announced with two-band HSDPA (900/2100) at 3.6Mbps. The phone features a 3.2-inch LCD capacitive touch screen, a 3.2 Megapixel autofocus camera, and a digital compass. The i5700 has a standard 3.5mm headphone jack and is equipped with DNSe 2.0.
3 Pack of Premium Crystal Clear Screen Protectors for Samsung Galaxy Spica i5700 [Accessory Export Brand Packaging]
Software-wise, the i5700 offers a suite of Mobile Google services, including Google Search, Gmail, YouTube, Google Calendar, and Google Talk. The phone’s GPS enables Google Maps features such as My Location, Google Latitude, and Street View. It also supports MP3, AAC (including iTunes Plus downloads), WMA audio, and H.264 video. The phone is also capable of playing DivX and Xvid coded content which makes it the first Android phone that supports this feature.
he phone is available in Europe, Asia and Middle East. The i5700 is Samsung's second Android-based handset for Europe. The phone was released on December 2009 in Turkey and is released in Canada on the Rogers Communications network. This product is not available in many parts of India. The Samsung i5700 has received an update to Android 2.1 as of February 2010. Some phone vendors (including three in the UK) have started shipping the phone with 2.1 preloaded. As of May 2010, phones have started to sell in India and Indonesia  with the 2.1 update preloaded.

Motorola Milestone/Motorola Droid

Motorola Milestone Unlocked Phone Quad Band GSM with 5 MP Camera, MP3, GPS- International Version with No Warranty (Black)Unlocked Motorola Milestone XT701 Android GSM Phone With 3.7" WVGA Pinch and Zoom display, 5MP Camera, Wi-FI, GPS, and FM Radio
The Motorola Droid (WCDMA/GSM version: Motorola Milestone) is an Internet  and multimedia enabled smartphone  designed by Motorola, which runs Google's Android operating system. The brand name Droid is a trademark of Lucasfilm licensed to Verizon Wireless.

In the United States, the handset is distributed exclusively by Verizon Wireless. Features of the phone include Wi-Fi networking, a 5-megapixel low light capable digital camera, a standard 3.5 mm headphone jack, interchangeable battery, 3.7-inch 854 x 480 touchscreen display. It also includes MicroSDHC support with bundled 16GB card, free turn-by-turn Google Maps navigation (beta), sliding QWERTY keyboard, and Texas Instruments OMAP 3430 processor. The Motorola Droid runs Android version 2.1. The phone does not, however, run the re-branded MOTOBLUR interface for Android, instead providing the Google Experience skin and application stack.

The Droid has a hearing aid compatibility (hac) rating of M3/T3. The phone is the first to ship with free Google Maps Navigation (beta) installed. The Droid had been publicized under the codenames Sholes and Tao and the model number A855.

Samsung Omnia

Samsung I8000 Omnia II Unlocked Phone with 8 GB Memory 5 MP Camera, Windows Mobile, GPS, Wi-Fi--International Version No Warranty (Rose Black)Samsung i8910 Omnia HD 8GB Quad-Band Unlocked Phone with 8 MP Camera, Wi-Fi, GPS, Bluetooth --International Version with Warranty (Black)
The Samsung SGH-i900, also known as Omnia I  or WiTu  (in Russia only), is a mobile phone released by Samsung Mobile. Announced in June 2008, the Omnia was launched in Singapore in mid-June, available in stores on the 20th of June, and in the rest of Asia in July. For some parts of Europe, it was launched in August. The American version launched in December 2008 through Verizon Wireless while the Canadian version launched in April 2009 through Telus Mobility.

The Samsung Omnia comes with the following applications preinstalled to make its GUI and its functions distinguishable from other Windows Mobile 6–based smartphones:

    * Samsung Today Screen 1 (alternative home screen UI)
    * Samsung Today Screen 2 (similar to Samsung Today Screen 1)
    * Samsung Touch Wiz UI (alternative application menu with a widget bar and widgets)

All these applications have the ability to be controlled by sliding the finger across the screen. The third Today Screen has gained interest because of its control method. It uses about a fourth of the screen on the left side to hold a bar of widgets that can be scrolled up `nd down. The rest of the screen is customizable, as widgets can be pulled out of the sidebar and onto the main screen to be expanded for quick use.

Sony Ericsson XPERIA X10

Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 Android (Sensuous Black) Sim Free / Unlocked
The Sony Ericsson XPERIA X10 is a high-end smartphone  manufactured by Sony Ericsson. It is the first Sony Ericsson smartphone to run the Android operating system.

The XPERIA X10 was first revealed on 3 November 2009, becoming Sony Ericsson's high-end entry into the Android market. The phone features an 8.1 MP camera and a 1GHz Qualcomm Snapdragon CPU. The screen supports DVD wide-screen resolution. It allows users access to the applications available in the Android Market. Connection speeds up to HSDPA (3G+) are possible with the handset. It introduces a new UX platform that will evolve across the product portfolio and expand over time adding new features and capabilities.

Sony Ericsson announced two smaller versions at the Mobile World Congress 2010; The X10 Mini and the X10 Mini Pro which has a slide out keyboard.

Nokia X6

Nokia X6 Unlocked GSM Phone with 5 MP Camera, Capacitive Touch, and 16 GB Memory (Black Cap)Nokia X6 Touch Unlocked GSM Phone with 5 MP Camera and 16 GB Memory (Yellow Cap)
Nokia X6 is a music-centred touch screen smartphone  and portable entertainment device by Nokia. It was announced in early September 2009 during Nokia World 2009 in Germany.

X6 replaces Nokia 5800 as Nokia's flagship music-centred model. Both still slot below some hi-end touch screen models like Nokia N97.

X6 and X3 are the first devices in newly installed Nokia X series. Before the X series, Nokia's music-centred devices were branded XpressMusic.

The original X6 includes the Comes With Music program and a licence for unlimited free downloads from the Nokia Music Store. The Comes With Music version shipped in late 2009 for an estimated retail price of £529.99 or €605.

telephone

A traditional landline telephone system, also known as "plain old telephone service" (POTS), commonly handles both signaling and audio information on the same twisted pair of insulated wires: the telephone line. Although originally designed for voice communication, the system has been adapted for data communication such as Telex, Fax and dial-up Internet communication. The signaling equipment consists of a bell, beeper, light or other device to alert the user to incoming calls, and number buttons or a rotary dial to enter a telephone number for outgoing calls. A twisted pair line is preferred as it is more effective at rejecting electromagnetic interference (EMI)  and crosstalk than an untwisted pair.
Phonelabs Convergence Telephone Cell/Landline
The telephone consists of an alerting device, usually a ringer, that remains connected to the phone line whenever the phone is "on hook", and other components which are connected when the phone is "off hook". These include a transmitter (microphone), a receiver (speaker) and other circuits for dialing, filtering, and amplification. A calling party wishing to speak to another party will pick up the telephone's handset, thus operating a button switch or "switchhook", which puts the telephone into an active (off hook) state by connecting the transmitter (microphone), receiver (speaker) and related audio components to the line. This circuitry has a low resistance (less than 300 ohms) which causes DC current from the telephone exchange to flow through the line. The exchange detects this current, attaches a digit receiver circuit to the line, and sends a dial tone to indicate readiness. On a modern push-button telephone, the calling party then presses the number buttons in a sequence corresponding to the telephone number of the called party. The buttons are connected to a tone generator circuit that produces DTMF tones which end up at a circuit at the exchange. A rotary dial telephone employs pulse dialing, sending electrical pulses corresponding to the telephone number to the exchange. (Most exchanges are still equipped to handle pulse dialing.) Provided the called party's line is not already active or "busy", the exchange sends an intermittent ringing signal (about 90 volts AC in North America and UK and 60 volts in Germany) to alert the called party to an incoming call. If the called party's line is active, the exchange sends a busy signal to the calling party. However, if the called party's line is active but has call waiting installed, the exchange sends an intermittent audible tone to the called party to indicate an incoming call.

The phone's ringer is connected to the line through a capacitor, a device which blocks the flow of DC current but permits AC current. This constitutes a mechanism whereby the phone draws no current when it is on hook, but exchange circuitry can send an AC voltage down the line to activate the ringer for an incoming call. When a landline phone is inactive or "on hook", the circuitry at the telephone exchange detects the absence of DC current flow and therefore "knows" that the phone is on hook with only the alerting device electrically connected to the line. When a party initiates a call to this line, and the ringing signal is transmitted. When the called party picks up the handset, they actuate a double-circuit switchhook which simultaneously disconnects the alerting device and connects the audio circuitry to the line. This, in turn, draws DC current through the line, confirming that the called phone is now active. The exchange circuitry turns off the ring signal, and both phones are now active and connected through the exchange. The parties may now converse as long as both phones remain off hook. When a party "hangs up", placing the handset back on the cradle or hook, DC current ceases to flow in that line, signaling the exchange to disconnect the call.

Calls to parties beyond the local exchange are carried over "trunk" lines which establish connections between exchanges. In modern telephone networks, fiber-optic cable and digital technology are often employed in such connections. Satellite technology may be used for communication over very long distances.


In most telephones, the transmitter and receiver (microphone and speaker) are located in the handset, although in a speakerphone these components may be located in the base or in a separate enclosure. Powered by the line, the transmitter produces an electric current whose voltage varies in response to the sound waves arriving at its diaphragm. The resulting current is transmitted along the telephone line to the local exchange then on to the other phone (via the local exchange or a larger network), where it passes through the coil of the receiver. The varying voltage in the coil produces a corresponding movement of the receiver's diaphragm, reproducing the sound waves present at the transmitter.

A Lineman's handset is a telephone designed for testing the telephone network, and may be attached directly to aerial lines and other infrastructure components.



development:
    * 1844 — Innocenzo Manzetti first mooted the idea of a “speaking telegraph” (telephone).
    * 26 August 1854 — Charles Bourseul publishes an article in a magazine L'Illustration (Paris) : "Transmission électrique de la parole" [electric transmission of speech].
    * 26 October 1861 — Johann Philipp Reis (1834–1874) publicly demonstrated the Reis telephone before the Physical Society of Frankfurt
    * 22 August 1865, La Feuille d'Aoste reported “It is rumored that English technicians to whom Mr. Manzetti illustrated his method for transmitting spoken words on the telegraph wire intend to apply said invention in England on several private telegraph lines.”
    * 28 December 1871 — Antonio Meucci files a patent caveat (n.3335) in the U.S. Patent Office titled "Sound Telegraph", describing communication of voice between two people by wire.
    * 1874 — Meucci, after having renewed the caveat for two years, fails to find the money to renew it. The caveat lapses.
    * 6 April 1875 — Bell's U.S. Patent 161,739 "Transmitters and Receivers for Electric Telegraphs" is granted. This uses multiple vibrating steel reeds in make-break circuits.
    * 11 February 1876 — Gray invents a liquid transmitter for use with a telephone but does not build one.
    * 14 February 1876 — Elisha Gray files a patent caveat for transmitting the human voice through a telegraphic circuit.
    * 14 February 1876 — Alexander Bell applies for the patent "Improvements in Telegraphy", for electromagnetic telephones using undulating currents.
    * 19 February 1876 — Gray is notified by the U.S. Patent Office of an interference between his caveat and Bell's patent application. Gray decides to abandon his caveat.
    * 7 March 1876 — Bell's U.S. patent 174,465 "Improvement in Telegraphy" is granted, covering "the method of, and apparatus for, transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically … by causing electrical undulations, similar in form to the vibrations of the air accompanying the said vocal or other sound."
    * 10 March 1876 — The first successful telephone transmission of clear speech using a liquid transmitter when Bell spoke into his device, “Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you.” and Watson heard each word distinctly.
    * 30 Janu`ry 1877 — Bell's U.S. patent 186,787 is granted for an electromagnetic telephone using permanent magnets, iron diaphragms, and a call bell.
    * 27 April 1877 — Edison files for a patent on a carbon (graphite) transmitter. The patent 474,230 was granted 3 May 1892, after a 15 year delay because of litigation. Edison was granted patent 222,390 for a carbon granules transmitter in 1879.